5-Figures of missing include POWs held by Allies. OKW Casualty Figures Sept 1, 1939 to Jan 31, 1945, Source of Figures: Percy Schramm Kriegstagebuch des Oberkommandos der Wehrmacht: 1940 - 1945: 8 Bde. Ambrose maintains that the figure of 800,000 POW missing from the US records was a bookkeeping error, that many POW were released and no records were maintained. (German Federal Statistical Office), The Statistisches Jahrbuch fr die Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1960, Page 78, Hans Sperling, Die Luftkriegsverluste whrend des zweiten Weltkriegs in Deutschland, Wirtschaft und Statistik October 1956, journal published by Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland. The prisoners were turned over to the local police and lodged in the town's . (Published by the Search Service of the German Red Cross. In post-war Germany the fate of civilians and prisoners of war has been a contentious topic. After a 12-year prison sentence, he started working as a translator in France but was murdered after his real identity as a war criminal was discovered. Statistics for German World War II military casualties are divergent. A careful excavation took place to recover the remains. According to the report of General George Marshall the break-down of German and Italian losses against American, British, and French forces in the war in Europe is as follows: Source of figures: Biennial report of the Chief of Staff of the United States Army to the Secretary of War: July 1, 1943, to June 30, 1945 [9], (A) 252,415 Germans and Italians were captured in Tunisia [10] According to the Imperial War Museum Following the Italian surrender in 1943, 100,000 Italians volunteered to work as 'co-operators'. He believes that the previous studies by the German government should be subject to critical revision and new research is needed to establish the actual number of expulsion deaths.[141]. (German government Statistical Office) and The Statistisches Jahrbuch fr die Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1960, Page 78. The association's mission statement on its website says: 'We are searching for the nameless dead, who lay without commemorative stones in the mass graves of War or were buried somewhere, as individuals and are considered as missing. [118]) Marshall's figure for China is much lower than that of the Relief Bureau (126,000 vs. 435,600), but for the theaters where Japanese forces confronted American and British Empire forces the sum of Marshall's figures (1,093,000) is slightly higher than the sum of the Relief Bureau's figures for these theaters (1,020,900). Overmans maintains that his research project taking a statistical sample of the records of the Deutsche Dienststelle (WASt) found that the German military casualty reporting system broke down during the war and that losses were understated. 'We want to restore people to their name, which was taken from them over 60 years ago. Their figures include Austria and conscripted ethnic Germans from Eastern Europe. The German Historical Museum puts the figure at 600,000 victims, they maintain the figure of 2 million expulsion deaths cannot be supported. A mass grave with the remains of over 60 battle-scarred Nazi soldiers killed in action during WWII has been unearthed in Poland. Presse- und Informationsamt. View Gallery. 13-Net Emigration of Foreign Population - The Statistisches Bundesamt pointed out that this was a rough estimate. [4][5], Civilian deaths during the war include air raid deaths, estimates of German civilians killed only by Allied strategic bombing have ranged from around 350,000[6][7] to 500,000. Overview of the mass grave (by Stowarzyszenie Pomost) During the cold war in West Germany there were claims that one million German prisoners of war were held in secret by the USSR. Deaths of POW were 450,600 including 356,700 in NKVD camps and 93,900 in transit. This is assumed to include the following regions listed by the Japanese Relief Bureau: Philippines, Malaya & Singapore, Adaman & Nicobar Islands, Sumatra, Java, Lesser Sundas, Borneo, Celebes, Moluccas, New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago and Solomon Islands. Professor Ryszard Kaczmarek of the University of Silesia in Katowice, author of a monograph titled Polacy w Wehrmachcie ("Poles in the Wehrmacht") noted that many Polish citizens in the Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany were forcibly conscripted in Upper Silesia and in Pomerania. The research project involved taking a statistical sample of the confidential German military personnel records located at the Deutsche Dienststelle (WASt). Every year in the former Stalingrad on average three to four mass graves are found. - Stuttgart: Verlag W. Kohlhammer, 1958 See pages 102, 143,174,323 381, Rdiger Overmans- Personelle Verluste der deutschen Bevlkerung durch Flucht und Vertreibung. View our online Press Pack. The bodies of dead Russian soldiers, who died in settlements north of Kharkiv, lie on the . Washington, DC: Center of Military History, 1996. 13.6 million soldiers During World War II, a total of about 13.6 million soldiers served in the German Army . Japanese government figures from 2003 put their military war dead at 2.3 million. The German military system for reporting casualties was based on a numerical reporting of casualties by individual units and a separate listing of the names of individual casualties. I know that the first of 2 millions of Germans killed between 1914 and 1918 was Leuntant Albert Mayer of Jger Regt-zu-Pferd Nr 5 on 2nd august 1914 during the skirmish of Joncherey. Herausgeber: Statistisches Bundesamt - Wiesbaden. List of active duty United States four-star officers, Wartime statistics compiled by German High Command (OKW), United States Army Figures for German and Italian Losses, Records of German Military Search Service, Comparison of figures at 12/31/1944 of Overmans and German High Command, A compilation of published statistics for German casualties, Killed by Allied Strategic Bombardment and in 1945 Air Raids on the Eastern Front, Deaths due to Nazi political, racial and religious persecution, NKVD special camps in East Germany 1945-1950, Expulsion of Germans after World War II and the Forced labor of Germans in the Soviet Union, Burkhart Mller-Hillebrand Das Heer 19331945. Those remaining in 1950 became Polish citizens but were German nationals in 1939. The bombing of Dresden and the bombing campaign in general has been a topic of discussion in post-war Germany. He believes that personnel captured on the battlefield may have died of wounds or in transit before being recorded as POW. 10 Karl Wolff (Politician, Officer) 17 3 The Biennial report of the Chief of Staff of the United States Army issued in 1945 also estimated Japanese "battle dead" at 1.219 million. Containing the skeletons of 66 German troops, the grizzly find in the town of Barborw in southwest Poland includes the meagre possessions the men had on them before being shot. Ambrose points out that the US and the UK had to cope with a major logistical problem in order to maintain the huge number of surrendered German personnel and finds the claim that Eisenhower and the US military deliberately withheld support for the German POW to be without merit. One of eight hitherto unpublished images depicting the. Bevlkerungsbilanzen fr die deutschen Vertreibungsgebiete 1939/50.Herausgeber: Statistisches Bundesamt - Wiesbaden. Fallen and wounded German soldiers filmed by a US cameraman. By April 23, the German capital was fully encircled and the Battle of Berlin entered its last stage. The figures include those killed in the 1945 military campaign and the forced labor of Germans in the Soviet Union. In 1992 when Overmans began the project German military dead in the war listed at the military search service Deutsche Dienststelle (WASt) were 4.3 million men (3.1 million confirmed dead and 1.2 missing and presumed dead). The research project involved taking a statistical sample of the confidential German military personnel records located at the (WASt). Das Heer vom Beginn des Feldzuges gegen die Sowjetunion bis zum Kriegsende. Overmans did not include Russian volunteers in the Wehrmacht in his figures. The authors of the Oxford Companion to World War II maintain that casualty statistics are notoriously unreliable[77] The following is a list of published statistics for German casualties in World War II. If your German relative served in the Danish military before 1803, you may be able to find valuable genealogical information in Denmark Military Records. (A parallel Polish summary translation was also included, this paper was a presentation at an academic conference in Warsaw Poland in 1994), Dzieje Najnowsze Rocznik XXI-1994, German Federal Archive, Siegel, Silke Vertreibung und Vertreibungsverbrechen 1945-1948. Dogs were the most loyal friends to the soldiers. Militrgeschichtliches Forschungsamt, United States Strategic Bombing Survey,Civilian Defense Division final report. Entwicklung des organisatorischen Aufbaues. According to Overmans, the casualty reporting system broke down in the chaos at the end of the war. As many as 20,000 US soldiers died during the . Statistics for German World War II military casualties are divergent. Based on his own research Bacque claims that documents from the US Archives show that there were 800,000 German POW who did not survive US captivity. Page 246. 465,000 not including refugees (410,000 civilians, 32,000 foreigners and POW and 23,000 military and Police); and losses of 128,000 refugees on eastern front (127,000 civilians and 1,000 military and Police). Overmans was an associate of the German Armed Forces Military History Research Office from 1987 until 2004 and was on the faculty of the University of Freiburg from 1996 to 2001. Estimated figures for German World War II casualties are divergent and contradictory. For military losses of both wars you can use a search engine ("Grbersuche") . Oldenbourg 2000, Page 239, Total Missing and Presumed Dead (not including POW) Per Overmans, Soviet sources reported that In 1945 the German Army lost more than 1,000,000 men killed on the Soviet-German front alone.[8]. [5] [31] This proportion (2/3 East vs. 1/3 West) contradicts the Heeresarzt weekly casualty reports for the army regarding the period from 1.1.-20.4.1945,[32] according to which ca. Mai 1974. 36 Photos Of The Battle Of Stalingrad, The Biggest Clash In The History Of War. (, Rdiger Overmans Soldaten hinter Stacheldraht. Bilanz der Forschung unter besonderer Bercksichtigung der Wehrmacht und Vertreibungsverluste, in: Der Zweite Weltkrieg. Gemeinshaft der Luftwaffe Jagdflieger RM2AGN3DH - The feet and legs of deceased soldier protrude from the ground in a World War II German soldier's snapshot, ca. [33]For the entire year 1945 Overmans puts total losses at 1,540,000 (1,230,045 in the final battles; 57,495 in other theaters and 252,188 POW). Lasting from August 1942 to February 1943, the Battle of Stalingrad was the largest battle of World War II and in the history of warfare. Here are just a few: Look at the dead lying around him. Soviet sources claimed that "In 1945 the German Army lost more than 1,000,000 men killed on the Soviet-German front alone."[37]. Some 16,000 Austrians were killed in prison, while over 67,000 Austrian Jews were deported to death camps, only 2,000 of them lived to see the end of the war. Herausgeber: Statistisches Bundesamt - Wiesbaden. This figure was to remain unchallenged until the 1990s when some German historians put the actual death toll in the expulsions at 500,000 confirmed deaths listed in a 1965 German Red Cross study. Earth holes, gorges and streams became mass graves. During the cold war in West Germany there were claims that one million German prisoners of war were held in secret by the USSR. - Stuttgart: Verlag W. Kohlhammer, 1958 pp.45-6, Percy Schramm Kriegstagebuch des Oberkommandos der Wehrmacht: 1940 - 1945: 8 Bde. The US military historian Stephen Ambrose was co-editor of the book Eisenhower and the German POWs in which he refutes Bacques claims. [85], 7-Military Dead - Includes Wehrmacht as well as SS/police and paramilitary forces. [137], The West German government put the number of Germans killed by the Nazi political, racial and religious persecution at 300,000 (including 160,000 German Jews)[138], A 2003 report by the German Federal Archive put the total murdered during the Action T4 Euthanasia program at over 200,000 persons. [34] Overmans 1,230,045 figure for the "final battles" includes (1) killed, (2) missing, (3) otherwise deceased "without prisoners of war", as is differentiated on p.272. They started the idea of Total War.They got to . Bischoff, Gunter; Ambrose, Stephen (1992), "Introduction", in Bischoff, Gunter; Ambrose, Stephen, Eisenhower and the German POWs, New York: Louisiana State University Press, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, Military history of Germany during World War II, Flight and expulsion of Germans (194450), Forced labor of Germans in the Soviet Union, German Armed Forces Military History Research Office, German prisoners of war in the Soviet Union, German prisoners of war in the United States, The German Reich and the Second World War, the wartime policy of the Nazis in Eastern Europe, West German government statistical office, George C Marshall, Biennial reports of the Chief of Staff of the United States Army to the Secretary of War: 1 July 1939-30 June 1945. During the advance of the First French Army in Germany. Notes: Figures include Waffen SS, Austrians, conscripted ethnic Germans, Volkssturm and other paramilitary forces. Archivalien und ausgewhlte Erlebnisberichte. The figure of 104,000 killed in the Balkans includes casualties sustained against Yugoslav and Greek partisans as well as those killed as the Red Army swept much of the region in late 1944. Wiesbaden, Distribution: F. Steiner, 1961, Page 32, Die deutschen Vertreibungsverluste. Although, the information and pointers remain a work in progress, I hope you will find the information useful. [165] There are those like Heinz Nawratil who try to equate the expulsions from Eastern Europe with the Holocaust. The bombing of Dresden and the bombing campaign in general has been a topic of ultra-right propaganda in post-war Germany. Erika Steinbach, the current President of the Federation, provoked outrage when she supported the statements of other members of the expellee organization claiming that Hitler's attack on Poland was a response to Poland's policy. Oldenbourg 2000. The National Archives and Records Administration in the United States has a collection of records for the German military. Oldenbourg 2000. Based on his own research Bacque claims that documents from the US Archives show that there were 800,000 German POW who did not survive US captivity. Marshall's figure is 126,000. Between 122,000 to 150,000 were detained and at least 43,000 did not survive. Erika Steinbach, the current President of the Federation, provoked outrage when she supported the statements of other members of the expellee organization claiming that Hitler's attack on Poland was a response to Poland's policy. The German historian Rdiger Overmans believes, based on his research, that these figures are incomplete and unreliable. Population Balance for Germany in 1937 borders: May 1939 to October 1946, Sources for figures: Wirtschaft und Statistik October 1956, Journal published by Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland. 3-Included in these statistics are 322,807 POWs held by the US and UK. Two German soldiers surrendered to a solitary American soldier in Barneville, on the west coast of the Cherbourg peninsula, in France, on June 20, 1944. is a humanitarian organisation charged by the government of the Federal Republic of Germany with recording, maintaining and caring for the graves of German war casualties abroad. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features Press Copyright Contact us Creators . Based on information available in January 1946, the Metropolitan Life Insurance Co. put German military dead at 3,250,000. The figure rose by over 1,000 following the excavations in the grave, which measures 430ft long, 23ft wide and 7ft deep. By Geschichte der deutschen Bevolkerung seit 1815 Steiner, Franz Verlag 1998, Wirtschaft und Statistik October 1956, figure includes 3,760,000 military dead and missing; Civilian deaths: 410,000 in air war; 20,000 in military campaign and 1,260,000 expellee deaths east of the, Die deutschen Vertreibungsverluste. Monthly figures do not add because of rounding. "[6], Based on Soviet sources Krivosheev put German losses on the Eastern Front from 1941-1945 at 6,923,700 men: including-Killed 4,137,100, taken prisoner 2,571,600 and 215,000 dead among Russian volunteers in the Wehrmacht. -Net Immigration-German Refugees were ethnic Germans of Eastern Europe who lived outside Germany in 1937 borders before the war. Figures exclude Austria and conscripted ethnic Germans from Eastern Europe[122], A demographic analysis of the population balance by the West German government in 1960 put the total military losses of the Wehrmacht at 4,440,000; 3,760,000 for Germany (1937 borders); 430,000 conscripted ethnic Germans from Eastern Europe and 250,000 from Austria.[123]. Source of figures Deutsche militrische Verluste im Zweiten Weltkrieg page 286, Source:Rdiger Overmans Soldaten hinter Stacheldraht. The following schedules give a brief overview of the Overmans study. 5-Figures of missing include POWs held by Allies. [155]:12, The Austrian government provides the following information on human losses during the rule of the Nazis. Many men who went missing or were taken prisoner were not included in the German High Command (OKW) figures. The personnel records included 3,070,000 men who were confirmed dead in the Death Files and another 15,200,000 men in the General Files who had served in the war including those listed as missing and presumed dead. Washington, DC: Center of Military History, 1996. Nineteen employees at Deutsche Dienststelle assisted in the survey. We found numerous killed soldiers along with horse carcasses hastily buried. [132], The West German government in made a rough estimate in 1956 of 20,000 civilians killed during the 1945 military campaign in current post war German borders, not including the former German territories in Poland. They did not provide details of the figure [65]. Washington, DC: Center of Military History, 1996. They maintain that the figure is correct because it includes additional deaths from malnutrition and disease of those civilians subject to the expulsions. Additionally, prisoner of war records of German servicemen also can be located at the National Archives. -Net Emigration of Foreign Population - The Statistisches Bundesamt pointed out that this was a rough estimate. . After this look at the deadliest Nazi sniper of World War II, Matthus Hetzenauer, read about Lyudmila Pavlichenko, the deadliest female sniper in history.
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