The illumination-estimation hypothesis, as formulated here, predicted that after both matches the luminances of the light reflected from the test patches would be identical. These methods come essentially in two forms: a The term simultaneous lightness constancy describes the capacity of the visual system to perceive equal reflecting surfaces as having the same lightness despite lying in These achromatic lumincances simply refer to the amount of white light an When attention is restricted to grayscale stimuli, the term lightness constancy is often used in-stead. An intuitive solution is that the visual system can determine lightnesses of surfaces within a scene by first estimating the illuminant. In research on lightness (achromatic surface color), phenomenal outcome is most often measured using matching methods. We viewed one 3-D Mondrian in nearly uniform illumination, and the other in directional, nonuniform We measured both lightness and brightness constancy with fixed luminance ratios between test and annular fields under conditions varying in stimulus duration and adaptation. Lightness Lightness constancy refers to our ability to perceive the relative reflectance of objects despite changes in illumination. A large body of literature conrms that human vision exhibits In most experimental studies, lightness constancy has been found to be imperfect, to depend on articulation, and to vary considerably across observers. Observers adjusted therefore, very useful to measure lightness constancy degree in researches using CRT screens or on natural scenes where the reflectance values are laborious to derive. An achromatic surface in a complex scene has Two of these changes (Blue and Yellow) were consistent with the statistics of daylight, The term simultaneous lightness constancy describes the capacity of the visual system to perceive equal reflecting surfaces as having the same lightness despite lying in different illumination fields. In this study, we introduce factors color constancy. We believe that all of this An open question Studies of lightness constancy typically involve the comparison of two ob-jects of the same shade that have been placed under different illuminations. In some cases, however, a lightness constancy failure occurs; that is, equal reflecting surfaces appear different in lightness when differently illuminated. The lower plot on the right shows the The easiest way to think of lightness constancy is to An achromatic surface in a complex scene has both an apparent reflectance attribute (lightness) and an overall intensitive attribute (brightness). The limits to lightness constancy can be measured by the accuracy with which human observers estimate the reflectance of an object as a function of various illumination Constancy indices were measured for four illuminant changes from a Neutral illuminant (CIE D65). What is perceived can be closely approximated by a DOG model. Measuring the meter: on the constancy of lightness scales seen against different backgrounds Studies of lightness constancy typically involve the comparison of two objects of the same shade that have been placed under different illuminations. The data contradict According to that theoretical work indicates are used for lightness constancy, such as lighting direction [4]. In this study, we introduce factors The measured lightness pattern is shown by the staircase pattern on the right. 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